A few weeks ago, my colleague Harald and I carried out user interviews at a customer for their “internal Google” solution. Before starting to developing concepts and interaction design, we wanted to properly figure out their users’ actual needs.

One of our findings was that the users generally know the type of content they are looking for. When caseworker Paul searched for “Vietnam Workshops” he knew that it was an application he was looking for – and not a colleague, a PowerPoint file or a news article on the intranet.

Armed with this knowledge, we got some ideas about how to improve their current search experience.

Previously, we thought that this was a good results page when searching for “Vietnam Workshops”:

But maybe this is the way to give Paul a better answer?

By asking Paul to help us decide on the “search mode” before we begin to guess his answer, we will most likely be able to give him a more accurate result.

However, when we user tested this a few weeks later we received clear feedback that the tiled design left the user feeling a little “cheated”. They had searched, but still needed to make a choice before finding the answer. This is also a well known search pattern – even explained by Monty Python.

Turns out Winnie the Pooh has the answer: “Yes please, I’ll have both” is the solution! The search results present a clear call to action to select a category, but with some results already presented on the first page:

A good argument for displaying results in the various search modes right away is to show Paul that we “know more than what he thinks.” By quickly scanning the results page, he may learn something new about his colleagues, see who’s associated with “Vietnam Workshops”, or maybe he’ll find something interesting in an intranet article; hopefully making his current task simpler and quicker to carry out.

But making it clearer that he has the opportunity to choose a search mode, can help Paul to help us give him a more accurate answer.

1. Enlarge your search box! Why are you hiding it ? Screenshot: TMZ.com  My favorite search box: 2. Make your search button big and clickable. Screenshot: CNN.com (Edited. CNN uses the correct version) 4. Use colors common to your users! Screenshot: google.com

5 quick fixes for non-designers who want to enhance their search results page:

1. Enlarge your search box. Almost every second site I see, internal or external, “hides” their search box – maybe because designers think they’re ugly. If you want your people to search: make it easy. I like to add a little gradient on the top of the search box, and to make the corners round. That makes it look inviting to write in.
2. Make your search button big and clickable. Make sure the search-button is as tall as your search box, but make it come out of the page, with a clear color or an embossment. The goal is not to make it look cheesy… but to make it look clickable.
3. Use already designed material as an inspiration. Make sure that your search results, and the rest of the website for that matter, matches your company brand identity or design hand book. Use the correct colors and fonts – they are probably thought through by a designer already.
4. Use colors familiar to your users. - Blue is for links – Green is for URLs etc. telling visitors where the result came from – Red is for alerts and error messages If your brand identity doesn’t have hex-codes for these colors … ask your designer or design partner for then. Kindly.
5. Enlarge your body text size. Many designers tend to user small text in their sketches … maybe to get more room for nice pictures? Your users are probably interested in the result when they are searching, so why don’t we make the text readable. A nice size for a readable body text is 14 og 15px, with a line-height of 17/18 px. Not 12 px Arial…

And a general tip: Don’t try to reinvent the wheel! When working with search design, see how Google, Amazon and Bing format their URLs, links, file type-icons, etc. and make your version of it. Surely you can try another way, but then you should also user test it properly before you launch it.

What are your suggestions to improve search design?

Knowing one’s roots is important, and it feels good to point out where I stand as a practitioner of user experience design. After ploughing through years of bookmarks and downloaded PDFs – with subsequent strict self-censoring – I came up with this list of 12 extra important sources of inspiration. The selection is wide and eclectic – something pre-Internet, something from yesterday, something obvious, and perhaps even a surprise. I learn something by integrating this knowledge into my own design process, and I hope you find something you like as well. Enjoy!

Principles of Traditional Animation Applied to 3D Computer Animation [PDF] by John Lasseter (1987)

Good animation = good interaction design! John Lasseter, the grand old man of Pixar and Disney, explains the principles of communication through movement.

The Myth of Metaphor [PDF] by Alan Cooper (1995)

Use conventions, not metaphors! Good conventions are easily learnt and remembered forever – metaphors just limit our thinking to old habits and frames of mind.

The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less [PDF] by Barry Schwartz (2004)

Few, but good alternatives are best! Read the whole book, which explains why low expectations are the key to happiness.

Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth and Happiness [PDF] by Thaler & Sunstein (2008)

As designers we have an obligation to help people choose wisely. Not because people are stupid, but because we all would rather not think for ourselves.

How To Kill Creativity [PDF] by Teresa M. Amabile (1998)

Purpose, mastery and control (and pleasure) are fragile qualities that flourish with care, and wither if neglected.

The Analysis-Synthesis Bridge Model by Dubberly, Evenson og Robinson (2008)

An analytical and straightforward presentation of the creative process, which also puts the need for design documentation into context.

Design Thinking by Tim Brown (2008)

User-centered design – said with other words. Design is not just about practical knowledge, but also important personality traits – such as curiosity, empathy and “formidlingsglede”.

Bringing Holistic Awareness to Your Design by Joseph Selbie (2009)

Cross-disciplinary collaboration permeates everything we do with user experience design. Nobody can find all the answers on their own!

5 Decision Styles. What is Yours? by Jared Spool (2009)

There’s not just one true good design process. We all take shortcuts – and it’s important that we know about the consequences of doing so.

What Goes Into a Well-Done Critique by Jared Spool (2008)

Giving and receiving critique is perhaps the most difficult – and also the most important – thing we can do to help each other become better user experience designers.

Guiding Principles for UX Designers by Whitney Hess (2010)

Design is a creative decision-making process, where principles are more important than your particular choice of user research methods.

The Fall and Rise of User Experience by Cennydd Bowles (2011)

What does it really mean to design great user experiences, and are really anything more than self-centered beta junkies with turtle-neck sweaters and Apple logos on our breakfast cereal?

Other sources of inspiration:

• So you wanna be a user experience designer — Step 1: Resources
• Essential Interaction Design Essays and Articles

If you have read everything else of interest – and want to pump yourself up on enterprise search – look no further. We have compiled our ultimate reading list for search enthusiasts, a comprehensive collection of the most interesting books on search thinking and search doing written to date. Hopefully you’ll find something worth reading here aswell.

We would love to hear what you think of these book, and please feel free to share your own suggestions in the comments below. Happy reading!

Search Thinking

Lovely books on the softer, more fluffy side of enterprise search.

Everything Is Miscellaneous by David Weinberger – the human side of information, and why tagging is better than classification.

Ambient Findability by Peter Morville – search in a wider perspective, and possible futures.

The Search by John Battelle – the story of how Google revolutionized web search and Internet business.

Search Doing

Rock-solid and down-to-earth practical advice on search design and implementation.

Search Patterns by Peter Morville – the definitive guide to design patterns for search.

Search Users Interfaces by Marti A. Hearst – a textbook packed with useful examples of search user interface designs.

Designing Search: UX Strategies for eCommerce Success by Greg Nudelman – the how-to on eCommerce search design and implementation, with a lot of helpful guidelines.

Search Analytics by Louis Rosenfeld – a thorough and comprehensive guide to working with your search logs.

Faceted Search by Daniel Tunkelang – a crash course in one of the most enigmatic challenges of enterprise search.

Exploratory Search: Beyond the Query-Response Paradigm by Ryen W. White & Resa A. Roth – the academic perspective on information seeking behavior and Human-Computer Information Retrieval (HCIR).

Update:

Martin White has published two additional books on enterprise search that you may want to check out:

• Successful Enterprise Search Management
• Making Search Work: Implementing web intranet and enterprise search